Health Advice
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Bringing you the best health advice for your family
NHS Choices - Causes of a Bartholin's cyst
(29/01/2014)
Bartholin's cysts occur when the tube (duct) from the Bartholin's gland to the vagina becomes blocked and a small fluid-filled sac develops.
It's not known exactly what causes this blockage, but some cases have been linked to bacterial infections.
Bacteria can also infect an existing cyst, causing a collection of pus called an abscess to develop.
Examples of bacteria that have been linked to Bartholin's cysts and abscesses include:
- Gonococcus – usually responsible for gonorrhoea (a sexually transmitted infection or STI)
- Chlamydia trachomatis – usually responsible for chlamydia (another STI)
- Escherichia coli (E. coli) – often responsible for food poisoning
- Streptococcus pneumoniae – responsible for pneumococcal infections, such as infections of the inner ear or sinuses
- Haemophilus influenzae – responsible for a number of infections, including epiglottitis, an infection of the epiglottis (the flap of tissue at the back of your throat)
As some of these bacteria are also responsible for sexually transmitted infections (STIs), such as gonorrhoea and chlamydia, you can help protect yourself against them by practicing safe sex.
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