There are many different forms of self-harm and they are not always easy to notice.

People who self-harm usually try to keep it a secret from their friends and family and often injure themselves in places that can be hidden easily by clothing.

If you suspect that a friend or relative is self-harming, look out for any of the following signs:

• unexplained cuts, bruises or cigarette burns, usually on their wrists, arms, thighs and chest
• keeping themselves fully covered at all times, even in hot weather
• signs of depression, such as low mood, tearfulness or a lack of motivation or interest in anything
• becoming very withdrawn and not speaking to others
• changes in eating habits or being secretive about eating, and any unusual weight loss or weight gain
• signs of low self-esteem, such as blaming themselves for any problems or thinking they are not good enough for something
• signs they have been pulling out their hair
• signs of misuse of alcohol or drugs

Helping someone who self-harms

If you are worried about someone who is self-harming, there are a some things you can do to help them:

• make time to gently and sympathetically discuss the problem with them and listen to what they say without judging them or being critical
• try to appreciate how difficult they are finding life and show them you understand
• discuss the possibility of seeking professional help
• get medical help if any injuries are serious

It's important not to react in a strongly negative or critical way (such as getting angry), as this kind of reaction is likely to make the problem worse.

If they don't want to discuss their self-harm with you, you could suggest they speak to an anonymous helpline or see their GP.

Read more about getting help for self-harm.